While some studies have found links between certain chemical imbalances and specific mental health issues, researchers don’t know if the imbalances are causes or symptoms. While it’s true that neurochemicals are a contributing factor in most mental health conditions, it’s much more complicated than adjusting the level of one neurochemical. Although chemical imbalances in the brain do not directly cause mental health disorders, because they do have influence, medications that alter the concentration of neurotransmitters can sometimes provide symptom relief for some people.
As of this writing, current biological testing cannot reliably verify and diagnose a mental health condition by detecting a chemical imbalance. In fact, there are no medical tests to diagnose a chemical imbalance in the brain. Doctors can check the levels of neurochemicals in your blood. However, that’s not an accurate representation of the amount of these chemicals in your brain. Instead, they make subjective diagnoses based on the symptoms combined with findings from a physical exam.
Whether a person feels depressed or happy or sad or angry is the result of the way their brain circuits and neurochemicals interact with and impact each other.
So, depression and other mental health conditions are not simply a chemical imbalance in the brain as much as they are patterns of how the neurochemicals, brainwaves, and circuits in a person’s brain routinely activate to cause depressive symptoms in that person.
Neurofeedback changes brain patterns and teaches a brain to self-regulate, meaning it learns to manage brain patterns and activity, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, to find a healthier state of operation. A regulated brain can effectively stabilize processes and mechanisms to maintain an optimal physiological condition, called homeostasis.¹ The result is a healthier functioning brain that operates in ways that benefit the person both mentally and physically. Neurofeedback training is an “inside out” approach with the changes originating internally as opposed to the “outside in” approach of medication.
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Sources: 1. Mirifar, A., Keil, A., & Ehrlenspiel, F. (2022). Neurofeedback and neural self-regulation: A new perspective based on allostasis. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 33(6), 607-629. https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2021-0133