Both. Neurofeedback does not treat the underlying autoimmune process — that requires a qualified PANS/PANDAS physician, typically using antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, immune-modulating treatments, and sometimes IVIG. What neurofeedback does is support the brain’s ability to self-regulate during and after flares. Families often report shorter flares, less severe symptoms during flares, and faster recovery to baseline after the acute medical treatment has done its work. It is a complement to the medical protocol, not a replacement for it.